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VOIP
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Voice over IP or VoIP is a term used
in IP telephony for a set of facilities that use the Internet
Protocol (IP) to deliver voice information. In general, this
means sending voice information in digital form in discrete
packets rather than in the traditional circuit-committed
protocols of the public switched telephone network (PSTN). A
major advantage of VoIP and Internet telephony is that they
avoid the tolls charged by ordinary telephone service. The term
VoIP derives from the VoIP Forum, an effort by major equipment
providers, to promote the use of ITU-TH.323, the standard for
sending voice (audio) and video using IP on the public Internet
and within an intranet. The Forum also promotes the user of
directory service standards so that users can locate other users
and the use of touch-tone signals for automatic call
distribution and voice mail. In addition to IP, VoIP uses the
real-time protocol (RTP) to ensure that packets get delivered in
a timely way. Because the nature of public networks such as the
Internet makes it difficult to guarantee Quality of Service
(QoS), better service is usually possible with private net-works
managed by an enterprise or by an Internet telephony service
provider (ITSP).A technique used by at least one equipment
manufacturer, Adir Technologies (formerly Netspeak), to help
ensure faster packet delivery is to use the ping utility to
contact all possible network gateway computers that have access
to the public network and choose the fastest path before
establishing a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) sockets
connection with the other end. Enterprises use VoIP gateways to
enter into the VoIP environment. A gateway receives packetized
voice transmissions from users within the company and then
routes them to other parts of the company’s intranet local area
or wide area network) or—using a T-carrier system or E-carrier
interface—sends them over the pub-lic switched telephone
network. Following are the VoIP Standards: ITU-T H.320 Standards
for Video Conferencing, H.323 ITU Standards, H.324 ITU
Standards, VPIM Technical Specification |
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